As you explore, come and appreciate the magnificent natural sites and charming villages of the Gavarnie valleys. Often perched on breathtaking viewpoints, they will allow you to savor the beauty of nature even more, while discovering a rich history spanning several centuries. Don't leave without visiting them!
1 - The legacy of Saint-Savin, patron saint of the Lavedan valley
The starting point for numerous walks and hikes, the village of Saint-Savin, 13 km from Cauterets, is a major site of Pyrenean heritage. Surrounded by the mountains and forests of the Lavedan, it offers an incomparable view over the Gave de Pau valley. The village square alone is worth a visit, with its famous fountain and half-timbered houses .
The 12th century church, in the shape of a Latin cross, in Romanesque style, bears witness to its monastic past, notably through the tomb of Saint Savin (high altar), the magnificent organ, one of the oldest in France, or the statues of the Virgin kept in its Museum-Treasury.
Set apart from the village on a rocky promontory stands the chapel of Notre-Dame de Piétat , erected on the site where, in the 5th century, the hermit Savin , a Catalan monk whose only dwelling was a hole carved into the rock, lived. Saint Savin evangelized the Lavedan valley, where he performed several miracles and became the patron saint of the valley.
Built and then transformed between the 11th and 17th centuries, the chapel served as the headquarters of the Confraternity of Our Lady of Piety until the French Revolution. Having fallen into ruin, it was finally restored in the 19th century. Along with Lamarque-Pontacq and Barbazan-Debat, it is one of the three Notre-Dame-de-Piétat chapels in the Hautes-Pyrénées.
And if you wish to end your visit to Saint Savin on a gastronomic note, book a table at the Viscos hotel-restaurant, a more than century old establishment where the Saint-Martin family welcomes you, for refined cuisine made with local produce.
2 - Our Lady of Pouey-Laün, golden chapel guardian of the Val d'Azun
This large chapel with its domed bell tower overlooks the village of Arrens-Marsous, at the foot of the Col de Soulor. The Mont de La Source on which it is built, at an altitude of 930m, was the site of an oppidum, an ancient fortified Roman village.
In contrast to the rustic nature of Saint Savin, the Notre-Dame de Pouey-Laün chapel is all about ornamentation: sculpted reliefs, fine gold gilding, a starry blue vault, a baroque altarpiece…
Adjoining the chapel, a hospice welcomed pilgrims on their way to the Spanish shrine of Our Lady of the Pillar in Zaragoza, or to Santiago de Compostela. Today, only the door lintel with the Solomon's knot and the year 1590 remains, which can also be found in the wall surrounding the church of Arrens.
As you walk up the path to Pouey-Laün, you will pass the small chapel of Saint-Roch , named after the patron saint, protector and healer of contagious diseases. It has a lintel dated 1753.
The village of Arrens-Marsous , once a center for flax and hemp cultivation, has remained remarkably authentic, with its old houses, wash houses and fountains, and ancient stone bridges. Don't miss the fortified church of Saint-Pierre d'Arrens, with its crenellated walls and quadrangular bell tower (a listed historical monument).
Also visit the Valley and National Park House , which hosts a permanent exhibition on the fauna and flora of the National Park, as well as on the economic activities of these mountain territories, and works by artists and craftsmen from the region.
A little wink: in front of the Maison du Val d'Azun stands a large marble bear from Arudy, which will remind you of our mascot from Chalet La Source, the little bear Jean ... And for good reason, it was sculpted by the same artist, Jean-Jacques Abdallah , just like the Saint Martin of Gaillagos, the ram and bull of Arras-en-Lavedan, or the eagle of Cauterets.
3 - Gavarnie: Meeting the Knights of Malta and the Pyrenean Mountaineers
The Cirque de Gavarnie needs no introduction: a unique site, listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site for its natural and cultural landscapes, a glacial cirque reaching an altitude of 3000 meters.
At its heart lies one of the highest waterfalls in Europe , and the famous "Breach of Roland" towards Spain. Legend says it was created by the knight Roland when he tried to break his sword there…
Less spectacular but steeped in history, the Notre-Dame du Bon Port church in the village of Gavarnie is a must-see.
Located on one of the routes to Santiago de Compostela, this church was, in the 12th century, a hospice for the Knights Templar or Knights of St. John of Jerusalem , intended to assist pilgrims and travelers passing through the port of Boucharo. Enlarged in the 14th century, it then took the name Notre-Dame du Bon Port (Our Lady of the Good Port). It houses 15th-century furniture, remarkable statues, and vestiges from the medieval period. As a reminder of its origins, in a display case at the back of the church, near the confessional, are exhibited the skulls of 12 Knights of Malta, or "Templars"...
Famous Pyrenean mountaineers are buried or honored with commemorative plaques in the cemetery next to the church. Writers, guides, illustrious climbers...
Pyreneism was coined by the writer Henri Beraldi in 1898: "The ideal of the Pyrenean mountaineer is to know how to climb, write, and feel. If he writes without climbing, he can do nothing. If he climbs without writing, he leaves nothing. If, upon climbing, he reports dryly, he leaves nothing but a document, which may, admittedly, be of great interest. If—rare indeed—he climbs, writes, and feels, if, in short, he is the painter of a special nature, the painter of the mountain, he leaves a true, admirable book."
A philosophy of the mountains later magnified by great names such as Russell, de Carbonnières, Musset, Maupassant, Baudelaire, and Hugo.
Witness Victor Hugo's famous poem "Dieu" about the Cirque de Gavarnie: "It is a mountain and a wall all at once; it is the most mysterious edifice of the most mysterious of architects; it is the Colosseum of nature; it is Gavarnie."
4 - Nature and simplicity: the Saint Justin chapel in Sers
Here is another magnificent hiking site , with a stunning view (30 km from Cauterets): the promontory overlooking Sers and Barèges, where the Saint Justin nature reserve is located, at an altitude of 1300m, on the GR10 long-distance hiking trail. At the top of a path that alternates between shade and sun, an exceptional panoramic view unfolds – orientation tables provide all the necessary information – towards Barèges and the Col du Tourmalet, and towards Sers and the Luz valley, and towards the Pic du Midi de Bigorre.
It was on this site that the hermitage of Saint Justin, the first evangelizer of the Bigorre valley in the 4th century, was located. A priory with its chapel had been built there… only the holy water font remains, which is now in the church of Barèges.
The oratory was built in 1990 in homage to Justin by mountain dwellers from the valley. A statue of Saint Justin is installed there, as well as a cross and an altar for celebrating mass outdoors.
After this walk, make a short stop at the Saint Justin Farm at the summit, where you can admire this panorama while enjoying a delicious crepe!
5 - Medieval atmosphere: the Château Sainte-Marie in Esterre
and the Templar Church of Luz-Saint-Sauveur
Perched at an altitude of 630 meters, 25 km from Cauterets, overlooking the villages of Luz Saint-Sauveur, Esquièze-Sère and Esterre, the Château Sainte-Marie is a true vestige of the Middle Ages.
Formerly a priory in Barèges dedicated to Saint Mary, this castle was built in the 11th century by the Count of Montblanc, Lord of Bigorre, to consolidate his authority over the people of Barèges and to serve as a refuge in case of brigand attack. Only two enormous defensive towers remain: a round tower and a square keep, linked by a curtain wall. Its history, which spans the Hundred Years' War, is marked by numerous sieges and battles during which it was burned and partially destroyed.
From this spot, there's a stunning panoramic view of the Gave de Pau and Bastan valleys. It's freely accessible on foot from the villages of Esquièze-Sère or Esterre.
Since 2019, a very popular event has taken place here every year in early August: the Medieval Festival of Esterre . The program includes knights' tournaments and sword fights, dancers, fire-eaters, musicians and troubadours, a tavern and banquet, a market, and medieval workshops… a truly lively atmosphere!
The church of Luz Saint Sauveur is one of the oldest in the region, built in the 11th century by a wealthy family, the Saint Andrés. The fortifications were added 300 years later by the Hospitallers of Saint John of Jerusalem, to whom the descendants of the Saint Andrés gave the church to establish a hostelry-hospice.
As at Notre-Dame du Bon Port in Gavarnie, and at Notre-Dame d'Héas, this confraternity welcomed pilgrims on the way to Saint James of Compostela , an activity that lasted until the revolution of 1789. It is also wrong that today it tends to be called "Church of the Templars", a name which has been entrenched for years.
These Hospitallers, who later became Knights of Malta , surrounded the church with thick walls adorned with crenellations and machicolations, reminiscent of the church of Saint-Pierre d'Arrens. The nave and apse were raised to allow for the construction of a parapet walk. A large moat with a drawbridge even encircled the walls. The aim was to protect against Aragonese bandits, the "Miquelets."
Within the ramparts, one can see the Chapel of Our Lady of Pity, built around 1650 to pray to God to end a Black Death epidemic that ravaged the Pays Toy region.
It is one of the best-preserved medieval buildings in the region, a unique feature that has attracted many illustrious visitors – from the heiress of Louis XVI to Victor Hugo, via Napoleon III and Princess Eugénie – as evidenced by the adjoining museum.
From Luz-Saint-Sauveur, a magnificent walk among sites steeped in history leads to the Château Sainte-Marie, visible from the village , by following the GR10 on an easy loop (2.5 hours).
A longer walk (4.5 hours) for lovers of old stones, the "church walk," will take you past the churches of Esquièze, Saint-Julien de Sazos, Saint Jean Baptiste d'Esquièze-Sère, Saint Nicolas à Esquièze-Sère, Saint Michel de Vizos, and finally Saints Pierre et Paul de Saligos, all built between the 11th and 13th centuries.
6 - In Napoleon's footsteps, in Luz-Saint-Sauveur
Napoleon III and his wife Princess Eugénie spent a month in Luz-Saint-Sauveur in the summer of 1859, in order to take the waters – the princess being weakened since the birth of Louis Napoleon three years earlier.
It was also a demonstration of power in this territory far from Paris, where the emperor launched important projects and even held a Council of Ministers, at the Gradet-Poque house, now the town hall.
Napoleon first ordered the construction of the baths , whose layout with columns and galleries serving the cabins still exists today.
However short it may have been, this stay brought about an incredible architectural and economic boom in the Luz region, thanks to the prestige, the financial resources deployed and the influx of travelers that followed.
The story goes that the spa treatment was beneficial to the Empress and that it was in gratitude that Napoleon III decided on a vast program of works. The list is long: the chapel known as the Imperial Chapel – in Saint Sauveur, the Solferino chapel on the ruins of an old hermitage – named after the victory over the Prussians a few months earlier, which prompted Henry Dunant to found the Red Cross – but also numerous medical establishments, the Lourdes-Pierrefitte-Nestalas railway, and finally the most spectacular: the Napoleon Bridge, inaugurated in 1861.
The Emperor himself is said to have designated the location of the bridge that bears his name. This bridge, which opened up the spa town and established a road link with Gavarnie, was a gigantic undertaking: a 68-meter-long deck and a 4-meter-wide roadway 63 meters above the Gave River!
In gratitude to their benefactor, the inhabitants of Luz erected a column of Lourdes stone topped with a marble eagle at the end of the Pont Napoléon.
The Napoleon Bridge is now the place to be for thrill-seekers : bungee jumping, via ferrata and huge zip lines… a real attraction center for those with a strong heart!
To relive this incredible period through the historical sites around Luz, follow the marked "Napoleon and Eugénie" trail. The walk begins at the town hall, at the Maison Gradet-Poque which housed Napoleon's Council of Ministers, passes through the Saint-Sauveur spa district, then the Napoleon bridge and finally the Solférino chapel on the promontory overlooking the town of Luz.
7 - Argeles-Gazost: from medieval castles to beautiful thermal villas
In Lavedan, at the confluence of the Gave de Pau and Gave d'Azun rivers, Argelès is an ancient village, as evidenced by its medieval remains and narrow streets. Like Cauterets and Barèges, Argelès also greatly benefited from the rise of thermal spas at the end of the 19th century, thanks to the construction of an aqueduct to bring water from Gazost – hence the merger into a single name.
Famous figures frequented this place , including Victor Hugo, Émile Zola, and the Empress of Austria. François Mauriac even used it as the setting for his novel "The River of Fire".
Besides the magnificent thermal establishments, the town was enriched at that time with many beautiful manor houses , which today complement the old castles, and make Argelès-Gazost an architectural treasure where it is pleasant to stroll from the "large terrace" with its magnificent panorama.
Near Argeles, be sure to visit and read the history of some picturesque sites, such as the Château d'Ourout, the Tour de Vieuzac, the Tour de Vidalos , not forgetting the Donjon des Aigles (Beaucens) and its incomparable birds of prey show.
8 - A little closer to the stars… the Pic du Midi
You cannot stay in the region without visiting this legendary site, classified as a Grand Site of Occitanie!
Located 45 km east of Cauterets, hidden by the eastern slope of the valley, the Pic-du-Midi-de-Bigorre rises to 2877m, surpassed only by the Vignemale (3298 m) and the Aneto on the Spanish side (3404 m), located about twenty kilometers further south.
Why this name? According to Alpine tradition, peaks located south of their main observation point are named "Midi" (Midday). And since there is another Pic du Midi (d'Ossau), it was necessary to distinguish between the two…
A mythical place since antiquity—a kind of gigantic natural pantheon, forming, with Gavarnie, the tomb of Pyrene—this peak has been best known since the 18th century as a site for astronomical and atmospheric studies . Construction of the observatory began in 1870 under the direction of General Charles du Bois de Nansouty and the engineer Célestin-Xavier Vaussenat. A first telescope was installed in 1907: relatively small (50 cm in diameter), it was nevertheless one of the largest of its time and, notably, in 1909, it helped to disprove the existence of canals on Mars. From then on, this observatory gained international renown and has been continually expanded and improved.
The site, made accessible by the installation of a cable car in 1952, remained for a long time reserved for scientists only. It wasn't until 2000 that a new cable car was opened to the public. Since then, the tourist offerings have expanded, with numerous activities and historical explanations, a planetarium, and a museum .
The most incredible thing is the famous "Pontoon of the Sky", a footbridge suspended above the void offering a 360° view of the Pyrenean peaks and their firmament, immersed in the Milky Way.
Since 2013, the site has even been designated (since 2013) the First International Dark Sky Reserve!
You can reach it on foot via the famous Pic du Midi porters' trail, which starts at the Tourmalet pass just past the hamlet of Artigues, in the commune of Campan. Allow 4 hours and 30 minutes to reach the summit – much less than in the early days of the site, when it took at least 7 hours!
But the easiest way, of course, is the cable car from La Mongie (altitude 1785 m), from where you can reach the observatory in 15 minutes. Between sky and earth, the ascent is truly spectacular, in two stages with a stop and a change of cabins at 2341 m at the summit of Taoulet.
Please note that the cable car is not recommended for people sensitive to altitude, especially children under 3 years old whose eardrums could be affected by the rapid ascent over such a steep climb (more than 1000 m). Also bring sunscreen and sunglasses, up there the radiation is three times greater than at sea level!
As you ascend, you'll enjoy numerous remarkable sights such as the Col du Tourmalet, the Cirque de Gavarnie, and Lac d'Oncet. Up there, a 600m² terrace awaits, offering breathtaking panoramic views stretching to the foothills of the Massif Central. A truly magical experience!
Don't hesitate to contact Chalet La Source to organize your stay, and take the time to enjoy all these wonders!
